SCI FI Weekly: Interview with Kim Stanley Robinson
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SCI FI Weekly just published a Q&A I did with Kim Stanley Robinson, in which we mainly discuss his Science in the Capitol trilogy, and Global Warming.
Your Mars books were about terraforming Mars; the Science in the Capital series is to some degree are about terraforming Earth (to repair the effects of global warming). What are our chances of doing either before it’s too late?
Robinson: We are the major force changing the surface and atmosphere of Earth now (we’re faster than the natural processes changing it, I mean), so terraforming is indeed physically possible, but we’re not used to thinking of ourselves in that role. It would require a changed paradigm, which admitted that we have become some kind of conscious “global biosphere maintenance stewards,” and that environmental thinking now ought to include an openness to at least the concept of doing things deliberately to reduce our impacts. We have to reconceptualize wilderness as being a kind of ethical position as well as a piece of land, meaning active and conscious stewardship on our part. This is a kind of interaction with the Earth that has been going on semi-consciously since the beginning of humankind, but now it’s become obvious, and it is a frightening thing to contemplate, because it’s a stupendously complex system and we don’t know enough to do what we now need to. And the unintended further consequences of anything we might try are hard to predict.
Even so, we may eventually agree through the U.N. or something else to try some things, if we get desperate enough. The crux may come if the Western Antarctic Ice Sheet begins to detach in a big way. About a quarter of the world’s population lives very near the coastline, and the disruptions there could be so severe that we would contemplate mitigating actions.
Beyond that, I think it’s best not to put the problem as a question concerning whether we are “too late” or not, because either answer leads to a kind of non-active response: i.e., if it’s not too late, I don’t have to change, and if it is too late, then there’s no point in changing, so either way–party on! Also, in some sense, encompassing all life on Earth, it will never be “too late,” in that even if we trigger a mass extinction event, the surviving life would quickly fill the empty niches and evolve onward. You can’t kill life on Earth, short of toasting it in an expanding sun or whatnot. But you can kill a lot of species, and wreck a lot of biomes, and you can probably wreck human civilization for a time, which would kill a lot of people. So I think it’s better to think of it in terms of “do we save more or do we save less,” of the other species in particular.
